IR sensors detect full reflection or white suface as 1 and no reflection or black surface as 0. This may seem weird if you have read the IR sensor post above, but it depends on where the photodiode is connected. In the Proteus simulation turtlebot, when following a black line on white background, the sensor LED glows when it detects a black line. Here in this post I will discuss the simulation of the proximity sensor in Proteus.A line follower typically has 3 IR sensors. In addition the proximity sensor as shown in the above image also works on the principle of the IR sensor.
Another application of the IR sensor is in the Tachometer which is the sensor used to measure the RPM (rotations per minute) of the motor.
One of the most common applications of the IR sensor is in the Television remote and receiver where the IR sensor is used to transmit and received the IR waves that obey the particular protocol. There a number of common applications in which the IR sensors are employed. The IR receiver, transmitter and proximity sensor are as shown in the following figure.
In addition IR transmitter also emits the IR waves which can be used to perform a number of tasks. There can be various sources of the IR radiation for example in the sunlight there are electromagnetic waves which qualify the properties of the IR radiation and the IR radiation also gets emitted as thermal radiation. In contrast to the IR sensor there exist the IR emitters which are also the light emitting diodes but emit the Electromagnetic waves in the frequency range of that of the Infrared waves. The IR sensor acts in the same as does the Photodiode but the IR sensor only responds to the electromagnetic waves with the particular frequencies that lie in the spectrum of the IR waves. The Infrared waves are invisible to eyes but can be detected using the IR sensor.
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